The New York Times:26/5/5/ The World:Tricked into fighting for Russia

The World: Tricked into fighting for Russia

Good morning, world. About two years ago when North Korean soldiers were spotted fighting in Russia’s war against Ukraine, it was a sign that Moscow was growing concerned about its shrinking reserve of soldiers.
Russia has been losing about 1,000 soldiers a day to death or injury, according to Western estimates. To make up the numbers, it has enlisted prisoners, offered cash incentives to students and expanded the age range for conscription. And it has started recruiting more aggressively abroad, most recently in Africa.
A team of my colleagues wrote a remarkable story about how many of the Africans who end up on the front line in Ukraine never actually signed up for war. Today, our East Africa bureau chief, Matthew Mpoke Bigg, explains why so many end up fighting, and dying, anyway.

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単語 発音記号 意味

trick /trɪk/ だます
soldier /ˈsoʊldʒər/ 兵士
spot /spɑːt/ 発見する
concern /kənˈsɜːrn/ 懸念
shrinking /ˈʃrɪŋkɪŋ/ 減少している
reserve /rɪˈzɜːrv/ 予備、蓄え
estimate /ˈestɪmət/ 推定
injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ 負傷
enlist /ɪnˈlɪst/ 入隊させる、徴募する
prisoner /ˈprɪznər/ 囚人
incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/ 奨励金、動機
expand /ɪkˈspænd/ 拡大する
conscription /kənˈskrɪpʃən/ 徴兵
recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ 募集する
aggressively /əˈɡresɪvli/ 積極的に
remarkable /rɪˈmɑːrkəbl/ 注目すべき
front line /frʌnt laɪn/ 前線
sign up for /saɪn ʌp fɔːr/ ～に参加登録する
bureau chief /ˈbjʊroʊ tʃiːf/ 支局長
attack /əˈtæk/ 攻撃
break new ground /breɪk nuː ɡraʊnd/ 新境地を開く
interview /ˈɪntərvjuː/ インタビュー

熟語一覧.熟語 意味

be spotted doing ～しているところを目撃される
be concerned about ～を懸念している
make up the numbers 人数不足を補う
offer cash incentives 現金の奨励金を提供する
age range 年齢層
sign up for war 戦争への参加を申し込む
end up ~ing 結局～することになる
front line 前線
according to ～によると
recruit abroad 海外で募集する
break new ground 新しい分野を切り開く
fight for Russia ロシアのために戦う

世界：だまされてロシアのために戦う

おはようございます、世界のみなさん。約2年前、北朝鮮の兵士たちがロシアのウクライナ戦争で戦っているのが確認されたとき、それはモスクワが減少する兵士の予備戦力について懸念を強めている兆候でした。
西側の推定によると、ロシアは毎日およそ1,000人の兵士を死亡または負傷で失っています。人数不足を補うため、ロシアは囚人を徴募し、学生に現金の奨励金を提供し、徴兵年齢の範囲を拡大しました。そして最近では、アフリカでより積極的に兵士募集を始めています。
私の同僚たちのチームは、ウクライナの前線に送られる多くのアフリカ人が、実際には戦争への参加に同意していなかったという注目すべき記事を書きました。本日、東アフリカ支局長のマシュー・ムポケ・ビッグが、なぜそれほど多くの人々が結局戦い、そして命を落とすことになるのかを説明します。
また：
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語彙クイズ（10問）

1.What does “shrinking” mean?
a) growing larger
b) becoming smaller
c) moving quickly
d) improving greatly

2.What is a “reserve” of soldiers?
a) a military base
b) extra soldiers available when needed
c) enemy forces
d) military equipment

3.What does “enlist” mean?
a) train soldiers
b) remove soldiers
c) recruit people into the military
d) protect civilians

4.What is a “cash incentive”?
a) a punishment
b) money offered to encourage action
c) a military weapon
d) free housing

5.What does “conscription” mean?
a) voluntary service
b) forced military service
c) peace negotiations
d) military retirement

6.What does “recruit aggressively” mean?
a) recruit carefully and slowly
b) strongly and actively recruit people
c) stop recruiting people
d) recruit only online

7.What is the “front line”?
a) a government office
b) the safest place in war
c) the area where fighting happens
d) a prison camp

8.What does “sign up for” mean?
a) avoid participation
b) officially agree to join
c) criticize publicly
d) travel abroad

9.What does “end up” mean?
a) begin suddenly
b) finally become or do something
c) refuse completely
d) explain clearly

10.What does “remarkable” mean?
a) ordinary
b) boring
c) worthy of attention
d) dangerous only

TOEIC形式問題（5問）

1.Russia has reportedly been losing about ______ soldiers a day.
a) 100
b) 500
c) 1,000
d) 5,000

2.To increase troop numbers, Russia recruited ______.
a) teachers only
b) prisoners
c) tourists
d) doctors only

3.Russia also expanded the age range for ______.
a) education
b) travel
c) conscription
d) retirement

4.Recently, Russia has been recruiting more aggressively in ______.
a) Europe
b) Asia
c) South America
d) Africa

5.Many Africans fighting in Ukraine reportedly never actually ______ for war.
a) trained
b) traveled
c) signed up
d) voted

Reading Comprehension Questions（英語）

1.Why was the presence of North Korean soldiers significant?
2.What methods has Russia used to replace lost soldiers?
3.What problem involving African recruits does the article describe?

解答.語彙クイズ

b
b
c
b
b
b
c
b
b
c
-TOEIC形式問題
c
b
c
d
c
-Reading Comprehension Questions
It showed that Russia was worried about its decreasing number of soldiers.
Russia enlisted prisoners, offered cash incentives, expanded conscription ages, and recruited abroad.
Many Africans reportedly ended up fighting without knowingly agreeing to join the war.